*Jae-uk Han (Cheongju university)
Jee-Ah Ha (The RIm E&C Co.,Ltd)
Park Jae-min (Cheongju university)
In recent years, global efforts toward achieving carbon neutrality have intensified, bringing greater attention to the role of green spaces in urban environments. Urban parks contribute significantly to urban sustainability by providing ecosystem services such as improving air quality, mitigating the urban heat island effect, regulating microclimates, enhancing biodiversity, and offering spaces for recreation and social interaction. Among these functions, the ability of urban vegetation to sequester and store carbon is increasingly recognized as a key mechanism for offsetting anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing urban resilience to climate change. In South Korea, urban parks classified as living area parks are divided into neighborhood parks, children's parks, and pocket parks. These parks are regulated under the "Act on Urban Parks, Green Spaces, etc.," which mandates minimum green coverage ratios for each park type. As green spaces closely integrated into residential areas, living area parks play a critical role not only in improving the quality of life for urban residents but also in supporting urban carbon management strategies. Nevertheless, systematic studies that quantify the carbon sequestration and storage capacities of living area parks according to park type remain limited. Previous research on the carbon performance of urban green spaces has largely relied on macro-scale methods such as aerial photography analysis, LiDAR surveys, and the utilization of urban ecological maps. While these approaches are valuable for identifying large-scale trends, they often fail to sufficiently account for the specific composition of planting plans and the characteristics of individual trees. Consequently, there remains a lack of detailed understanding of how the composition and structure of green spaces across different park types influence their carbon functionality. This highlights the need for more precise analyses that can directly inform the design and planning of urban parks to optimize carbon sequestration. In response to these challenges, this study adopts a more precise, tree-level analysis methodology. A total of 50 living area parks across South Korea were selected as study sites. For each park, key vegetation attributes—including planting density (trees per m²), the proportion of evergreen and deciduous species, and the average tree size (measured by diameter at breast height and tree height)—were extracted based on official development plans. These structural characteristics serve as critical input data for subsequent carbon performance analysis. Using the 'i-Tree Eco' model, carbon sequestration rates and carbon storage quantities were calculated for individual trees. The model incorporates species-specific growth characteristics, regional climate conditions, and individual tree metrics to provide high-precision carbon estimates. The calculated data were then aggregated at the park level and normalized per unit area to allow for comparative analysis. Subsequently, the study compared the structural characteristics and carbon performance across different park types and conducted statistical analyses to examine whether specific planting attributes, such as higher planting density or a greater proportion of evergreen species, significantly influence carbon sequestration and storage capacities. By matching green space composition with carbon performance outcomes, the study aims to clarify the relationships between park type-specific vegetation structures and their carbon functionalities. This study aims to systematically identify the carbon sequestration and storage characteristics of living area parks by type and to analyze the correlations between green space components and carbon performance. Through this, it seeks to provide practical baseline data for maximizing carbon sequestration performance in future park design and development. Furthermore, the findings of this study are expected to offer empirical evidence supporting climate change response and carbon neutrality strategies at the urban level, contributing to the realization of sustainable and resilient cities. Keywords: Carbon Neutrality, Urban Parks, Carbon Sequestration, Urban Green Spaces, Climate Change Mitigation
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