Keywords: Private Arboretum, Operation and Management, Financial Independence, Sustainability, Hwadamsup
As of 2024, approximately 73 arboreta are registered with the Korea Forest Service, of which 33 are privately established and operated. Unlike national or public arboreta supported by governmental agencies, private arboreta often face numerous operational challenges, with financial sustainability being one of the most pressing concerns. Due to differences in geographical conditions, local economies, and sociocultural environments, a one-size-fits-all solution for these issues remains impractical. This study examines Hwadamsup, one of Korea’s few financially self-sufficient private arboreta, as a case study to identify strategies that may contribute to the revitalization and sustainable operation of private arboreta.
Opened in 2013, Hwadamsup attracts approximately 900,000 visitors annually and is widely recognized for its stable and autonomous management system. The study analyzes Hwadamsup's development trajectory, operational practices, and visitor engagement strategies, and identifies three key factors that have contributed to its success.
First, continuous renewal of themed gardens and facilities to maintain landscape appeal and diversity. Second, implementation of visitor experience programs and seasonal events to enhance satisfaction and promote repeat visits. Third, adoption of operational innovations, including an online reservation system, efficient visitor routing, and strategic marketing to reduce costs and improve service efficiency.
This case provides valuable insights for the enhancement of private arboretum management and may serve as a practical model for similar institutions seeking financial and operational sustainability.